Effectiveness of Trivalent Inactivated Influenza Vaccine in Children Estimated by a Test-Negative Case-Control Design Study Based on Influenza Rapid Diagnostic Test Results

PloS One
Masayoshi ShinjohKeio Pediatric Influenza Research Group

Abstract

We assessed vaccine effectiveness (VE) against medically attended, laboratory-confirmed influenza in children 6 months to 15 years of age in 22 hospitals in Japan during the 2013-14 season. Our study was conducted according to a test-negative case-control design based on influenza rapid diagnostic test (IRDT) results. Outpatients who came to our clinics with a fever of 38 °C or over and had undergone an IRDT were enrolled in this study. Patients with positive IRDT results were recorded as cases, and patients with negative results were recorded as controls. Between November 2013 and March 2014, a total of 4727 pediatric patients (6 months to 15 years of age) were enrolled: 876 were positive for influenza A, 66 for A(H1N1)pdm09 and in the other 810 the subtype was unknown; 1405 were positive for influenza B; and 2445 were negative for influenza. Overall VE was 46% (95% confidence interval [CI], 39-52). Adjusted VE against influenza A, influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, and influenza B was 63% (95% CI, 56-69), 77% (95% CI, 59-87), and 26% (95% CI, 14-36), respectively. Influenza vaccine was not effective against either influenza A or influenza B in infants 6 to 11 months of age. Two doses of influenza vaccine provided better protection again...Continue Reading

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Nov 18, 2014·Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses·Aeron C HurtFrederick G Hayden
Jan 18, 2020·Open Forum Infectious Diseases·Kuan-Ying A HuangTzou-Yien Lin
Oct 21, 2016·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Toshihiko MatsuokaJunko Tanaka
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Aug 30, 2021·Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy : Official Journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy·Masayoshi ShinjohTakao Takahashi

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