Effects of acute 5-fluorouracil chemotherapy and insulin-like growth factor-I pretreatment on growth plate cartilage and metaphyseal bone in rats

Bone
C J XianBruce K Foster

Abstract

With the intensified use of chemotherapy and improved survival rates for childhood malignancies, it has become increasingly apparent that some children or adult survivors show poor bone growth and develop osteoporosis. As a step to investigate underlying mechanisms, this project examined short-term effects in rats of chemotherapy agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) on cell proliferation, apoptosis, and bone formation at tibial growth plate cartilage and its adjacent bone-forming region metaphysis. In addition, since insulin-like growth factor (IGF-I) is important for bone growth, we examined whether IGF-I pretreatment would potentially protect growth plate cartilage and bone cells from chemotherapy damage. Two days after a single high dose of 5-FU injection, proliferation of growth plate chondrocytes and metaphyseal osteoblasts/preosteoblasts was dramatically suppressed, and apoptosis was induced among osteoblasts and preosteoblasts. As a result, there was a reduction in the chondrocyte number and zonal height at the proliferative zone and a decline in the number of osteoblasts and preosteoblasts on the metaphyseal trabecular bone surface. At day 2, no obvious deleterious effects were observed on the height of the growth plate hypertro...Continue Reading

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