Effects of Amanita phalloides toxins on insulin release: in vivo and in vitro studies

Archives of Toxicology
Eugenio De CarloN Sicolo

Abstract

The clinical picture of Amanita phalloides poisoning includes hypoglycaemia, usually related to hepatic damage. In fact, Amanita toxins induce hepatic glycogen depletion in humans and animals. However, in animals morphological changes of pancreatic beta cells are reported, suggesting that an alteration of insulin secretion might be involved in the pathogenesis of hypoglycaemia. Therefore, we determined fasting glucose, insulin and C-peptide levels in ten patients intoxicated by Amanita phalloides and in ten control subjects. Fasting blood samples were drawn on 3 consecutive days, beginning 48-72 h after mushroom ingestion, and glucose, insulin and C-peptide concentrations were determined by routine methods. Serum glucose concentrations did not differ between poisoned subjects and controls, whereas insulin and C-peptide concentrations were significantly higher in poisoned subjects ( P<0.01), with a significant positive correlation ( R=0.97, P<0.001). We also evaluated the effects of alpha-amanitin, the main amatoxin, on in vitro insulin release. Rat islets were incubated with 5 and 50 mg/l alpha-amanitin, in the presence or absence of 5.6 mM glucose. In another protocol, islets were preincubated for 2 h with 5 and 50 mg/l alpha-...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 3, 2012·The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Small Animal Practice·Birgit Puschner, Colette Wegenast
Feb 16, 2010·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Patrick PoucheretSylvie Rapior
Apr 27, 2007·Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation : Official Publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc·Birgit PuschnerMichael S Filigenzi
Sep 22, 2007·Human & Experimental Toxicology·P DurukanS Celebi

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