Effects of antihypertensive drugs on capillary rarefaction in spontaneously hypertensive rats: intravital microscopy and histologic analysis

Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
Bruno SabinoE Tibiriçá

Abstract

We investigated the effects of chronic oral antihypertensive treatment on functional and structural capillary rarefaction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were used as a normotensive control group. In untreated rats, intravital videomicroscopy showed that functional capillary density was lower in SHR skeletal muscle (WKY 395 +/- 17 and SHR 258 +/- 13 capillaries/mm, P < 0.01) and ear skin (WKY 391 +/- 18 and SHR 210 +/- 15 capillaries/mm, P < 0.01). A linear relationship was seen between skeletal muscle and skin capillary densities (r = 0.654, P < 0.0001). Histologic analysis showed that SHR had a lower capillary-to-fiber ratio in the skeletal muscle (WKY 1.74 +/- 0.08 and SHR 1.40 +/- 0.06, P < 0.01). Capillary volume density-to-fiber volume density ratio in the left ventricle of SHR was also reduced (WKY 0.55 +/- 0.09 and SHR 0.42 +/- 0.09, P < 0.01). The animals were treated with the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor enalapril, the angiotensin II type I receptor (AT1) receptor antagonist losartan, the beta-blocker atenolol, or the calcium channel blocker nifedipine, resulting in similar reductions in systolic blood pressure (19.8%, 19.1%, 17.4%, and 18.2%, respectively, P > 0.05)....Continue Reading

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