Effects of chewing gum and time-on-task on alertness and attention

Nutritional Neuroscience
A P Allen, Andrew P Smith

Abstract

Chewing gum has been shown to reliably increase subjective alertness whereas the effects on attention are more variable. It has been suggested that chewing gum only enhances attention when the person has been performing a task for some time. The current research aimed to investigate if time-on-task trends enhancing effects of chewing gum could be observed in alertness and attention during and following chewing. Study 1 used tests of reported mood, including reported mood, and tests of attention (categoric search, focussed attention, simple reaction time, and vigilance). These tasks were performed shortly after the start of chewing. Study 2 examined effects of previous and current chewing on reported alertness and the attention tests. Study 1 showed that chewing gum increased reported alertness and hedonic tone and improved performance on the categoric search task. Chewing gum maintained reported alertness across sessions in study 2. In the first experimental session of study 2 gum improved categoric search performance, and during the second session gum broadened focus of attention and quickened vigilance reaction time. This effect on vigilance reaction time was moderated by time-on-task, with an initial negative effect being re...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

May 27, 2014·Physiology & Behavior·Andrew P AllenAndrew P Smith
Feb 5, 2013·Brain and Cognition·Yoshiyuki HiranoMinoru Onozuka
Apr 24, 2014·British Journal of Psychology·Kate MorganChristopher Miles
Jan 17, 2013·Nutritional Neuroscience·Andrew J JohnsonChristopher Miles
Jun 16, 2015·BioMed Research International·Yoshiyuki Hirano, Minoru Onozuka
Jun 16, 2015·BioMed Research International·Andrew P Allen, Andrew P Smith
Feb 27, 2016·PloS One·Vincenzo De CiccoDiego Manzoni
Jul 31, 2019·Brain Sciences·Fares Al-ShargieHasan Al-Nashash
Aug 30, 2017·Frontiers in Neuroanatomy·Maria Paola Tramonti FantozziDiego Manzoni
Aug 15, 2017·Social and Personality Psychology Compass·Andrew P AllenJohn F Cryan
Oct 20, 2018·BMC Pediatrics·Kensuke KiriishiTakao Ayuse
Jun 16, 2017·Neural Regeneration Research·Youn-Hee ChoiSung Ho Jang
Feb 28, 2021·Scientific Reports·Maria Paola Tramonti FantozziDiego Manzoni
Mar 9, 2021·Technology and Health Care : Official Journal of the European Society for Engineering and Medicine·Tae-Hoon Kim
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Hee-Eun Kim
Jul 24, 2021·Cerebral Cortex Communications·Maria Paola Tramonti FantozziMaria Chiara Carboncini

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