PMID: 11604257Oct 18, 2001Paper

Effects of cysteine on the pharmacokinetics of intravenous phenytoin in rats with protein-calorie malnutrition

International Journal of Pharmaceutics
Y C KimM Lee

Abstract

The effects of cysteine on the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin and one of its metabolites, 5-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-5-phenylhydantoin (pHPPH) were investigated after intravenous administration of phenytoin, 25 mg/kg, to control rats (4-week fed on 23% casein diet) and rats with PCM (protein-calorie malnutrition, 4-week fed on 5% casein diet) and PCMC (PCM with oral cysteine supplementation, 250 mg/kg, twice daily starting from the fourth week). In rats with PCM and PCMC, the phenytoin hydroxylation (to form pHPPH) activities were significantly smaller (164, 103 and 95.3 pmol/min per mg protein for the control rats, and rats with PCM and PCMC, respectively) than that in control rats. In rats with PCMC, the intrinsic clearance of phenytoin, CL(int) was significantly slower than those in control rats and rats with PCM (0.175, 0.131 and 0.044 ml/min). The above data suggested that the formation of pHPPH could be reduced in rats with PCM and PCMC. This was supported by significantly smaller 24-h urinary excretion of pHPPH (54.7, 35.6 and 32.5% of intravenous dose of phenytoin) in rats with PCM and PCMC than that in control rats. In rats with PCM, the maximum velocity (0.344, 0.203 and 0.196 microg/min), apparent volume of distribution in c...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1978·Clinical Pharmacokinetics·K Krishnaswamy
Oct 1, 1977·Journal of Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutics·F B EatmanS A Kaplan
Jan 1, 1990·Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·F P Guengerich
Mar 1, 1985·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·A Rosen, P Macheras
Feb 1, 1988·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·K A BachmannJ Schwartz
Feb 1, 1988·Xenobiotica; the Fate of Foreign Compounds in Biological Systems·K A BachmannJ Schwartz
Nov 1, 1984·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·A Rosen, P Macheras
Jun 23, 1998·Lancet·C SchuftanF J Levinson
Oct 26, 1999·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·A KawamuraA Kakinuma

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

May 28, 2005·Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences·Soo K BaeMyung G Lee
Nov 27, 2004·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·Hyun J ShimMyung G Lee
May 15, 2004·The Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology·Soo Kyung BaeMyung Gull Lee
Apr 13, 2019·Current Nutrition Reports·Joseph I Boullata
Jul 27, 2021·Journal of Colloid and Interface Science·Younus MohammadShakila B Rizwan

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.