Effects of Diet Composition and Insulin Resistance Status on Plasma Lipid Levels in a Weight Loss Intervention in Women

Journal of the American Heart Association
Tran LeCheryl L Rock

Abstract

Optimal macronutrient distribution of weight loss diets has not been established. The distribution of energy from carbohydrate and fat has been observed to promote differential plasma lipid responses in previous weight loss studies, and insulin resistance status may interact with diet composition and affect weight loss and lipid responses. Overweight and obese women (n=245) were enrolled in a 1-year behavioral weight loss intervention and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 study groups: a lower fat (20% energy), higher carbohydrate (65% energy) diet; a lower carbohydrate (45% energy), higher fat (35% energy) diet; or a walnut-rich, higher fat (35% energy), lower carbohydrate (45% energy) diet. Blood samples and data available from 213 women at baseline and at 6 months were the focus of this analysis. Triglycerides, total cholesterol, and high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were quantified and compared between and within groups. Triglycerides decreased in all study arms at 6 months (P<0.05). The walnut-rich diet increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol more than either the lower fat or lower carbohydrate diet (P<0.05). The walnut-rich diet also reduced low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in insulin-sensitive women, wher...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 20, 2016·Journal of Investigative Medicine : the Official Publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research·Scott M Grundy
May 31, 2017·Nutrients·Brinda K RanaCheryl L Rock
Jun 29, 2017·Nutrients·Pablo Hernández-AlonsoJordi Salas-Salvadó
Jul 19, 2018·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Asmaa S AbdelhamidLee Hooper
Jul 19, 2018·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Asmaa S AbdelhamidLee Hooper
Dec 7, 2018·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Asmaa S AbdelhamidLee Hooper
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Jan 16, 2021·Current Developments in Nutrition·Kristina S PetersenPenny M Kris-Etherton
Jul 3, 2021·Nutrients·Rubén Fernández-RodríguezVicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
Sep 9, 2021·Obesity Reviews : an Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity·Stephanie K NishiJohn L Sievenpiper

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
blood draws

Software Mentioned

SAS

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