Effects of estrogens and antiestrogens on gonadal sex differentiation and embryonic development in the domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus )

PeerJ
Luzie JesslJörg Oehlmann

Abstract

Since it is known that environmental contaminants have the potential to cause endocrine disorders in humans and animals, there is an urgent need for in vivo tests to assess possible effects of these endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Although there is no standardized guideline, the avian embryo has proven to be particularly promising as it responds sensitively to a number of EDCs preferentially impacting the reproductive axis. In the present study we examined the effects of in ovo exposure to fulvestrant and tamoxifen as antiestrogenic model compounds and co-exposure to both substances and the potent estrogen 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) regarding sex differentiation and embryonic development of the domestic fowl (Gallus gallus domesticus). The substances were injected into the yolk of fertilized eggs on embryonic day 1. On embryonic day 19 sex genotype and phenotype were determined, followed by gross morphological and histological examination of the gonads. Sole EE2-treatment (20 ng/g egg) particularly affected male gonads and resulted in an increased formation of female-like gonadal cortex tissue and a reduction of seminiferous tubules. In ovo exposure to tamoxifen (0.1/1/10 µg/g egg) strongly impaired the differentiation o...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 11, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Adebayo I Farounbi, Nosiphiwe P Ngqwala
Oct 4, 2020·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Anna MentorAnna Mattsson

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