Effects of Excess Fluoride and Iodide on Thyroid Function and Morphology

Biological Trace Element Research
Yaqiu JiangWeiping Teng

Abstract

Exposure to high levels of iodide in Cangzhou, Shandong Province, China has been associated with increased incidence of thyroid disease; however, whether fluoride can affect the thyroid remains controversial. To investigate the effects of excess fluoride, we evaluated thyroid gland structure and function in rats exposed to fluoride and iodide, either alone or in combination. Five-week-old Wistar rats (n = 160 total) were randomly divided into eight groups: three groups that were given excess fluoride (15, 30, or 60 ppm F); one group given excess iodide (1200 μg/L I); three groups given excess iodide plus fluoride (1200 μg/L I plus 15, 30, or 60 ppm F); and one control group. The serum concentrations of the thyroid hormones TT3 and TT4 on day 150 were significantly reduced for certain fluoride groups; however, no significant differences were observed in concentrations for the pituitary hormone TSH among any groups. Hematoxylin and eosin staining revealed that iodide causes an increase in the areas of the colloid lumens and a decrease in the diameters of epithelial cells and nuclei; however, fluoride causes an increase in nuclear diameters. The damage to follicular epithelial cells upon fluoride or iodide treatment was easily obs...Continue Reading

References

Sep 17, 2008·Environmental Health Perspectives·Hwashin Hyun ShinRichard T Burnett
Nov 15, 2008·Seminars in Perinatology·Susana AresGabriella Morreale de Escobar
Mar 26, 2009·Toxicology and Industrial Health·H WangJ Wang
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