Effects of foliar herbivory by insects on the fitness of Raphanus raphanistrum: damage can increase male fitness

The American Naturalist
S Y StraussK P Lehtilä

Abstract

Generally, effects of herbivory on plant fitness have been measured in terms of female reproductive success (seed production). However, male plant fitness, defined as the number of seeds sired by pollen, contributes half of the genes to the next generation and is therefore crucial to the evolution of natural plant populations. This is the first study to examine effects of insect herbivory on both male and female plant reproductive success. Through controlled field and greenhouse experiments and genetic paternity analysis, we found that foliar damage by insects caused a range of responses by plants. In one environment, damaged plants had greater success as male parents than undamaged plants. Neither effects on pollen competitive ability nor pollinator visitation patterns could explain the greater siring success of these damaged plants. Success of damaged plants as male parents appeared to be due primarily to changes in allocation to flowers versus seeds after damage. Damaged plants produced more flowers early in the season, but not more seeds, than undamaged plants. Based on total seed production, male fitness measures from the first third of the season, and flower production, we estimated that damaged and undamaged plants had e...Continue Reading

Citations

Jun 22, 2010·Sexual Plant Reproduction·Diane L MarshallSatya Maliakal-Witt
Dec 19, 2002·Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution·Anurag A AgrawalRoger Wallsgrove
Dec 10, 2013·Journal of Chemical Ecology·Maaike BruinsmaJoop J A van Loon
Nov 26, 2015·Trends in Plant Science·Dani Lucas-Barbosa
Jul 15, 2004·Oecologia·C Nelson HayesAndrew G Stephenson
Apr 19, 2019·Ecology·Xoaquín MoreiraAnna Traveset
Feb 26, 2019·Ecology and Evolution·Alex L Bales, Erika I Hersch-Green
Oct 8, 2020·Annals of Botany·Enya N Quiroz-PachecoEk Del-Val

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