Effects of height on treetop transpiration and stomatal conductance in coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens)

Tree Physiology
Anthony R AmbroseTodd E Dawson

Abstract

Treetops become increasingly constrained by gravity-induced water stress as they approach maximum height. Here we examine the effects of height on seasonal and diurnal sap flow dynamics at the tops of 12 unsuppressed Sequoia sempervirens (D. Don) Endl. (coast redwood) trees 68-113 m tall during one growing season. Average treetop sap velocity (V(S)), transpiration per unit leaf area (E(L)) and stomatal conductance per unit leaf area (G(S)) significantly decreased with increasing height. These differences in sap flow were associated with an unexpected decrease in treetop sapwood area-to-leaf area ratios (A(S):A(L)) in the tallest trees. Both E(L) and G(S) declined as soil moisture decreased and vapor pressure deficit (D) increased throughout the growing season with a greater decline in shorter trees. Under high soil moisture and light conditions, reference G(S) (G(Sref); G(S) at D = 1 kPa) and sensitivity of G(S) to D (-δ; dG(S)/dlnD) significantly decreased with increasing height. The close relationship we observed between G(Sref) and -δ is consistent with the role of stomata in regulating E(L) and leaf water potential (Ψ(L)). Our results confirm that increasing tree height reduces gas exchange of treetop foliage and thereby co...Continue Reading

References

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Feb 13, 2009·Plant, Cell & Environment·Anthony R AmbroseTodd E Dawson
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Citations

Sep 6, 2011·Tree Physiology·Roman GebauerPaal Krokene
Feb 19, 2014·Tree Physiology·Rachael H NolanPatrick N J Lane
Apr 14, 2011·Plant, Cell & Environment·Elizaveta LitvakDiane E Pataki
Mar 19, 2013·Global Change Biology·Mariah S CarboneChristopher J Still
Dec 30, 2014·Oecologia·George W KochCameron B Williams
Oct 31, 2017·The New Phytologist·Sybil G GotschDanel Draguljić
Jan 25, 2020·Tree Physiology·Lucy P KerhoulasNicholas J Kerhoulas
May 28, 2019·Plant, Cell & Environment·Jean-Christophe DomecRam Oren
Oct 7, 2017·Tree Physiology·Cameron B WilliamsTodd E Dawson

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