Effects of HIV-1 gp120 and TAT-derived microvesicles on endothelial cell function

Journal of Applied Physiology
Jamie G HijmansChristopher A DeSouza

Abstract

The aims of this study were twofold. The first was to determine if human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 glycoprotein (gp) 120 and transactivator of transcription (Tat) stimulate the release of endothelial microvesicles (EMVs). The second was to determine whether viral protein-induced EMVs are deleterious to endothelial cell function (inducing endothelial cell inflammation, oxidative stress, senescence and increasing apoptotic susceptibility). Human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) were treated with recombinant HIV-1 proteins Bal gp120 (R5), Lav gp120 (X4), or Tat. EMVs released in response to each viral protein were isolated and quantified. Fresh HAECs were treated with EMVs generated under control conditions and from each of the viral protein conditions for 24 h. EMV release was higher (P < 0.05) in HAECs treated with R5 (141 ± 21 MV/µl), X4 (132 ± 20 MV/µl), and Tat (130 ± 20 MV/µl) compared with control (61 ± 13 MV/µl). Viral protein EMVs induced significantly higher endothelial cell release of proinflammatory cytokines and expression of cell adhesion molecules than control. Reactive oxygen species production was more pronounced (P < 0.05) in the R5-, X4- and Tat-EMV-treated cells. In addition, viral protein-stimulated EMVs ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 24, 2020·The Cell Surface·Michael J CohenPeter N Lipke
Mar 13, 2021·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·L Madden BrewsterChristopher A DeSouza
Aug 27, 2021·Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on NeuroImmune Pharmacology·Servio H RamirezAllison M Andrews

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow cytometry
ELISA
ELISAs
light microscopy

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