Effects of hydroquinone on retinal and vascular cells in vitro.

Indian Journal of Ophthalmology
Ashish SharmaCristina M Kenney

Abstract

To explore the molecular pathophysiology that might explain the epidemiologic association between cigarette smoke and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) by examining the effects of hydroquinone (HQ), a toxic compound present in high concentration in cigarette smoke-related tar, on human retinal pigment epithelial cells (ARPE-19), rat retinal neurosensory cells (R-28), and human microvascular endothelial cells (HMVEC). ARPE-19, R-28, and HMVEC were treated for 24 h with four different concentrations of HQ (500 μM, 200 μM, 100 μM, 50 μM). Cell viability, caspase-3/7 activation, DNA laddering patterns, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels were analyzed. At 50 μM HQ, R-28 cells showed a significant decrease in cell viability compared with the dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-treated controls. At the 100-500 μM concentrations, all three cell lines showed significant cell death (P < 0.001). In the ARPE-19, R-28, and HMVEC cultures, the caspase-3/7 activities were not increased at any of the HQ concentration. Our findings suggest that the mechanism of cell death in all three cell lines was through non-apoptotic pathway. In addition, neuroretinal R-28 cells were more sensitive to HQ than the ARPE-19 and HMVEC cultures.

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Citations

Jun 8, 2013·Cell Biology and Toxicology·Cheng PengJack C Ng
Dec 2, 2015·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Claudio RamírezM Cristina Kenney
Dec 26, 2013·Journal of Ophthalmology·Sara VelillaRoberto Gallego-Pinazo
Sep 30, 2017·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Mohamed Tarek MoustafaMaria Cristina Kenney
Mar 8, 2019·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Mei-Chi ChangJiiang-Huei Jeng
Apr 26, 2020·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Samantha E NealGlenn J Jaffe
Jan 6, 2016·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Harshavardhan KencheAnna Blumental-Perry
Mar 21, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Niina BhattaraiAnu Kauppinen

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