PMID: 8581326Jan 1, 1995Paper

Effects of intravenous fumonisin B1 in rabbits: nephrotoxicity and sphingolipid alterations

Natural Toxins
L A GumprechtW M Haschek

Abstract

Fumonisin B1 is hepatotoxic in all species, but nephrotoxicity has only been reported in rats. It is a specific inhibitor of sphinganine N-acyltransferase. Our objective was to determine the target organs for fumonisin toxicosis in the rabbit. We administered fumonisin B1 ( > 95% pure) intravenously to adult rabbits and examined selected clinical, biochemical, and histological parameters for up to 5 days. In a pilot study, rabbits were given fumonisin B1 at 1, 0.5, 0.3, 0.15, or 0 mg/kg daily for 4 or 5 days and then euthanized. Additional rabbits were given a single dose of fumonisin B1 at 1 mg/kg and euthanized on day 2 or 4. In the formal time-course study, rabbits were given a single dose of fumonisin B1 at 0 or 1.25 mg/kg and euthanized on days 1, 3, or 5. Rabbits given multiple doses of fumonisin B1 were lethargic and anorectic, and had decreased urine production. Liver- and renal-associated clinical chemistry parameters were elevated. Renal lesions consisted of severe proximal tubular necrosis. Liver lesions were variable and consisted of mild necrosis, hepatocyte vacuolation, and bile stasis. The sphinganine-to-sphingosine ratio, in both target and nontarget tissues, was markedly elevated in treated rabbits. A single do...Continue Reading

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