Effects of local extrinsic mortality rate, crime and sex ratio on preventable death in Northern Ireland

Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health
Caroline Uggla, Ruth Mace

Abstract

Individual investment in health varies greatly within populations and results in significant differences in the risk of preventable death. Life history theory predicts that individuals should alter their investment in health (somatic maintenance) in response to ecological cues that shift the perceived fitness payoffs to such investments. However, previous research has failed to isolate the effects of different ecological factors on preventable death, and has often relied on macro-level data without individual controls. Here, we test some key predictions concerning the local ecology-that higher extrinsic mortality rate (EMR), crime rate and mate-scarcity (male/female-biased sex ratio) at the ward-level-will be associated with a higher risk of preventable death. We use census-based data from Northern Ireland (n = 927 150) on preventable death during an 8.7-year period from the 2001 Census and run Cox regressions for (i) accident/suicide or alcohol-related death and (ii) deaths from preventable diseases, for men and women separately, controlling for a wide range of individual variables. We find evidence of ward-level EMR and crime rate being positively associated with preventable death among men, particularly men with low socioeco...Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 25, 2016·PloS One·Ryan Schacht, Karen L Kramer
Aug 2, 2017·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Caroline Uggla, Ruth Mace
Aug 2, 2017·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Thomas V PolletToon Kuppens
Aug 17, 2019·Frontiers in Public Health·Jonathan C K WellsAna Maria B Menezes

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