Effects of Long-Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Endothelial Vasodilator Function and Cognition-Are They Interrelated?

Nutrients
Julia C KuszewskiPeter R C Howe

Abstract

Long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn-3 PUFA) may improve brain functions by acting on endothelial cells in the cerebrovasculature to facilitate vasodilatation and perfusion. The aim of this review is to explore this hypothesis by analyzing the effect of LCn-3 PUFA supplementation on systemic vasodilator and cognitive function and finding evidence to link LCn-3 PUFA intake, vasodilator function and cognition. Forty randomized controlled trials examining the effect of LCn-3 PUFA supplementation in humans on either endothelial vasodilator function or cognition were identified and pooled effects measured with a weighted analysis. Compared to placebo, LCn-3 PUFA tended to increase flow-mediated dilatation and significantly improved cognitive function. Emerging evidence links vasodilator dysfunction to cognitive impairment, but evidence that LCn-3 PUFA can improve cognition through enhancements of vasodilator function is still lacking. Further research is needed to determine: (1) whether LCn-3 PUFA can enhance dilatation of cerebral vessels; (2) if improvements in cerebrovascular responsiveness by LCn-3 PUFA are accompanied by cognitive benefits; and (3) the target population groups.

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Citations

Oct 21, 2018·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Lucia MorbidelliSandra Donnini
Jul 16, 2020·Nutrition Journal·Ye DingZhixu Wang
Sep 25, 2020·Rheumatology Advances in Practice·Julia C KuszewskiPeter R C Howe
Jun 2, 2018·Journal of Nutrition and Metabolism·John GeorgesRalf Jäger
Apr 17, 2018·Advances in Nutrition·Julia Christina KuszewskiPeter Ranald Charles Howe
Dec 31, 2020·Reproduction in Domestic Animals = Zuchthygiene·Marcelo Carvalho SantosIsabel Candia Nunes da Cunha
Jan 21, 2020·Food Research International·Samad Ghaffari, Neda Roshanravan
Aug 24, 2021·Clinica Chimica Acta; International Journal of Clinical Chemistry·Zhe-Bin ChengChi Zhang

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