Effects of losartan and allopurinol on cardiorespiratory regulation in obstructive sleep apnoea

Experimental Physiology
Barbara J MorganJohn M Dopp

Abstract

What is the central question of this study? In sleep apnoea, a putative link between intermittent hypoxia and hypertension is the generation of oxygen radicals by angiotensin II and xanthine oxidase within the chemoreflex arc and vasculature. We tested whether chemoreflex control of sympathetic outflow, hypoxic vasodilatation and blood pressure are altered by angiotensin blockade (losartan) and/or xanthine oxidase inhibition (allopurinol). What is the main finding and its importance? Both drugs lowered blood pressure without altering sympathetic outflow, reducing chemoreflex sensitivity or enhancing hypoxic vasodilatation. Losartan and allopurinol are effective therapies for achieving blood pressure control in sleep apnoea. Chemoreflex sensitization produced by chronic intermittent hypoxia in rats is attenuated by angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1 R) blockade. Both AT1 R blockade and xanthine oxidase inhibition ameliorate chronic intermittent hypoxia-induced endothelial dysfunction. We hypothesized that treatment with losartan and allopurinol would reduce chemoreflex sensitivity and improve hypoxic vasodilatation in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Eighty-six hypertensive patients with apnoea-hypopnoea index ≥25 events...Continue Reading

References

Oct 1, 1979·Physiological Reviews·A B VallboB G Wallin
Jun 1, 1981·Journal of Applied Physiology: Respiratory, Environmental and Exercise Physiology·R B SchoeneA P Peterson
Apr 1, 1996·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·N V WaradekarU A Leuenberger
May 1, 1996·Journal of Hypertension·J T CarlsonJ A Hedner
Mar 5, 1999·Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology·C Hinojosa-LabordeJ R Haywood
Jul 8, 2000·Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation·J M SerradorR L Bondar
Jul 25, 2003·American Journal of Hypertension·Karsten HeusserHans P Schobel
May 1, 1963·British Medical Bulletin·A D GREENFIELDJ F MOWBRAY
Sep 27, 2003·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Shane A PhillipsJulian H Lombard
Dec 28, 2004·The American Journal of Cardiology·Markus BéchirGeorg Noll
Nov 15, 2005·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·Henry KrumMurray Esler
Dec 17, 2005·Journal of Applied Physiology·Shane A PhillipsBarbara J Morgan
Feb 4, 2006·The European Respiratory Journal·G V RobinsonJ R Stradling
May 19, 2006·The European Respiratory Journal·A A El SolhN Miller
Aug 25, 2007·Journal of Sleep Research·Vincenzo DonadioPasquale Montagna
Feb 6, 2008·Proceedings of the American Thoracic Society·Terri E Weaver, Ronald R Grunstein
Aug 30, 2008·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Daniel I FeigRichard J Johnson
Nov 18, 2008·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Noah J MarcusBarbara J Morgan
Aug 29, 2009·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Vincent PialouxMarc J Poulin
Sep 12, 2009·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Kevin J ReichmuthBarbara J Morgan
Dec 10, 2009·The European Respiratory Journal·R Del RioR Iturriaga
Jun 5, 2010·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Jean-Louis PépinJean-Philippe Baguet
Jan 19, 2011·Sleep & Breathing = Schlaf & Atmung·Jing FengUNKNOWN Sleep Breath Disorder Group, Society of Respiratory Medicine
Aug 19, 2011·Respiration; International Review of Thoracic Diseases·John M DoppBarbara J Morgan
Dec 17, 2011·Journal of Applied Physiology·Meaghan J MacnuttA William Sheel
Jun 26, 2012·Respiratory Physiology & Neurobiology·Noah J MarcusBarbara J Morgan
Oct 16, 2012·Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine : JCSM : Official Publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine·Richard B BerryUNKNOWN American Academy of Sleep Medicine
Nov 23, 2012·Hypertension·Jason R CarterMichael J Joyner
Jul 5, 2013·Journal of Applied Physiology·Darren P CaseyMichael J Joyner
Nov 16, 2014·Experimental Physiology·Meghna P MansukhaniVirend K Somers

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Aug 23, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Hayyaf S AldossaryAndrew P Holmes
Mar 16, 2019·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·Najib T AyasIsmail Laher
Nov 20, 2020·Pflügers Archiv : European journal of physiology·Abdulaziz A AlzahraniAndrew P Holmes

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Antihypertensive Agents: Mechanisms of Action

Antihypertensive drugs are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure) which aims to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke and myocardial infarction. Discover the latest research on antihypertensive drugs and their mechanism of action here.

Allergy and Asthma

Allergy and asthma are inflammatory disorders that are triggered by the activation of an allergen-specific regulatory t cell. These t cells become activated when allergens are recognized by allergen-presenting cells. Here is the latest research on allergy and asthma.

Cardiovascular Risk Reduction

Prevention of cardiovascular disease is an important health initiative. Risk reduction including physical activity, smoking cessation, diet, blood pressure lowering drugs and pharmacotherapy. Here is the latest research on cardiovascular risk reduction.