Effects of maternal diabetes on trophoblast cells

World Journal of Diabetes
Marlúcia Bastos Aires, Anne Carolline Veríssimo Dos Santos

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a health condition characterized by hyperglycemia over a prolonged period. There are three main types of DM: DM type 1 (DM1), DM2 and gestational DM (GDM). Maternal diabetes, which includes the occurrence of DM1 and DM2 during pregnancy or GDM, increases the occurrence of gesttional complications and adverse fetal outcomes. The hyperglycemic intrauterine environment affects not only the fetus but also the placental development and function in humans and experimental rodents. The underlying mechanisms are still unclear, but some evidence indicates alterations in trophoblast proliferation, apoptosis and cell cycle control in diabetes. A proper coordination of trophoblast proliferation, differentiation and invasion is required for placental development. Initially, increased expression of proliferative markers in junctional and labyrinth zones of rat placentas and villous cytotrophoblast, syncytiotrophoblast, stromal cells and fetal endothelial cells in human placentas is reported among diabetics. Moreover, reduced apoptotic index and expression of some apoptotic genes are described in placentas of GDM women. In addition, cell cycle regulators including cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors seem t...Continue Reading

Citations

May 18, 2016·Journal of Diabetes Investigation·Tian GongYun Wang
Jul 20, 2017·The Journal of Maternal-fetal & Neonatal Medicine : the Official Journal of the European Association of Perinatal Medicine, the Federation of Asia and Oceania Perinatal Societies, the International Society of Perinatal Obstetricians·Yan ChengHaidong Cheng
Feb 3, 2018·Molecular Reproduction and Development·Alejandra Sánchez-SantosLuis A Baiza-Gutman
Oct 20, 2018·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Katarzyna E Skórzyńska-DziduszkoBożena Leszczyńska-Gorzelak
Oct 28, 2019·Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology : RB&E·Juan F MejiaJuan A Arroyo

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