Effects of microbial evolution dominate those of experimental host-mediated indirect selection

PeerJ
Jigyasa AroraAlexander Mikheyev

Abstract

Microbes ubiquitously inhabit animals and plants, often affecting their host's phenotype. As a result, even in a constant genetic background, the host's phenotype may evolve through indirect selection on the microbiome. 'Microbiome engineering' offers a promising novel approach for attaining desired host traits but has been attempted only a few times. Building on the known role of the microbiome on development in fruit flies, we attempted to evolve earlier-eclosing flies by selecting on microbes in the growth media. We carried out parallel evolution experiments in no- and high-sugar diets by transferring media associated with fast-developing fly lines over the course of four selection cycles. In each cycle, we used sterile eggs from the same inbred population, and assayed mean fly eclosion times. Ultimately, flies eclosed seven to twelve hours earlier, depending on the diet, but microbiome engineering had no effect relative to a random-selection control treatment. 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the microbiome did evolve, particularly in the no sugar diet, with an increase in Shannon diversity over time. Thus, while microbiome evolution did affect host eclosion times, these effects were incidental. Instead, any experimenta...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 10, 2021·Nature Plants·Elizabeth FrenchLaramy Enders
Mar 2, 2021·Annual Review of Biophysics·Álvaro SánchezMaría Rebolleda-Gomez
May 15, 2021·Nature Ecology & Evolution·Chang-Yu ChangAlvaro Sanchez
May 27, 2021·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Kenjiro W QuidesJoel L Sachs

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Datasets Mentioned

BETA
PRJNA555001

Methods Mentioned

BETA
amplicon sequencing

Software Mentioned

QIIME
DESeq
Phyloseq
Vegan R package
tidyr
DESeq2
R
MiSeq
DADA2
Effects

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