Effects of microcystin-LR, cylindrospermopsin and a microcystin-LR/cylindrospermopsin mixture on growth, oxidative stress and mineral content in lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa L.)

Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety
Marisa FreitasVitor Vasconcelos

Abstract

Toxic cyanobacterial blooms are documented worldwide as an emerging environmental concern. Recent studies support the hypothesis that microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) produce toxic effects in crop plants. Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is an important commercial leafy vegetable that supplies essential elements for human nutrition; thus, the study of its sensitivity to MC-LR, CYN and a MC-LR/CYN mixture is of major relevance. This study aimed to assess the effects of environmentally relevant concentrations (1, 10 and 100 µg/L) of MC-LR, CYN and a MC-LR/CYN mixture on growth, antioxidant defense system and mineral content in lettuce plants. In almost all treatments, an increase in root fresh weight was obtained; however, the fresh weight of leaves was significantly decreased in plants exposed to 100 µg/L concentrations of each toxin and the toxin mixture. Overall, GST activity was significantly increased in roots, contrary to GPx activity, which decreased in roots and leaves. The mineral content in lettuce leaves changed due to its exposure to cyanotoxins; in general, the mineral content decreased with MC-LR and increased with CYN, and apparently these effects are time and concentration-dependent. The effects of t...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 22, 2016·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Maria do Carmo Bittencourt-OliveiraFlávio dos Santos
Feb 13, 2016·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Majida LahrouniEloísa Pajuelo
Mar 18, 2016·Journal of Phycology·Piotr Rzymski, Barbara Poniedziałek
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Nov 18, 2020·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Chanjuan LiangHongyue Liu
Dec 19, 2020·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Zong-Yao QianQi-Ming Xian
Dec 9, 2020·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·Bahareh Nowruzi, Samaneh Jafari Porzani
Mar 18, 2021·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·Shihui ChenRenbin Liu

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