Effects of microgravity on osteoblast growth activation

Experimental Cell Research
M Hughes-Fulford, M L Lewis

Abstract

Space flight is an environmental condition where astronauts can lose up to 19% of weight-bearing bone during long duration missions. We used the MC3T3-E1 osteoblast to investigate bone cell growth in microgravity (10(-6) to 10(-9)g). Osteoblasts were launched on the STS-56 shuttle flight in a quiescent state with 0.5% fetal calf serum (FCS) medium and growth activation was initiated by adding fresh medium with 10% FCS during microgravity exposure. Four days after serum activation, the cells were fixed before return to normal Earth gravity. Ground controls were treated in parallel with the flight samples in identical equipment. On landing, cell number, cell cytoskeleton, glucose utilization, and prostaglandin synthesis in flight (n = 4) and ground controls (n = 4) were examined. The flown osteoblasts grew slowly in microgravity with total cell number significantly reduced (55 +/- 6 vs 141 +/- 8 cells per microscopic field). The cytoskeleton of the flight osteoblasts had a reduced number of stress fibers and a unique abnormal morphology. Nuclei in the ground controls were large and round with punctate Hoechst staining of the DNA nucleosomes. The flight nuclei were 30% smaller than the controls (P < 0.0001) and oblong in shape, wi...Continue Reading

Citations

Aug 16, 2008·Experimental Brain Research·Antonio FrigeriDavid C Spray
Jul 18, 2009·In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology. Animal·Wendy FitzgeraldJean-Charles Grivel
Aug 13, 1998·Nature Medicine·B R Unsworth, P I Lelkes
Sep 17, 2004·Journal of Sports Sciences·Alan NevillArthur Stewart
Aug 9, 2012·Tissue Engineering. Part a·Ljupcho ProdanovX Frank Walboomers
Jul 6, 2000·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·C PapaseitJ Tabony
Aug 19, 2006·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Karine Guevorkian, James M Valles
Dec 3, 2014·Stem Cells and Development·Elizabeth BlaberEduardo A C Almeida
Nov 6, 2014·Life·Silvia BradamanteJeanette A M Maier
Jun 25, 2014·Expert Review of Proteomics·Daniela GrimmJohann Bauer
Feb 19, 2011·Expert Review of Proteomics·Daniela GrimmSarah Baatout
Jun 7, 2000·Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·W J LandisL C Gerstenfeld
Apr 6, 2000·Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·D SarkarH Seo
Jan 22, 2005·Journal of Cellular Biochemistry·J Pablo RodríguezVerónica Cambiazo
Feb 20, 2013·Advances in Space Research : the Official Journal of the Committee on Space Research (COSPAR)·M Teresa OrtegaStephen K Chapes
Sep 15, 2005·Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·Valerie E MeyersJay M McDonald
Sep 13, 2003·Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research·Mitsuru SaitoKatsuyuki Fujii
Apr 9, 2009·Journal of Biomedical Materials Research. Part B, Applied Biomaterials·Johanne BeuvelotHélène Libouban
Jun 15, 2007·Journal of Prosthodontics : Official Journal of the American College of Prosthodontists·Y Joon KoGalen B Schneider
May 24, 2007·Journal of Cellular Biochemistry·M A BucaroC S Adams
Apr 19, 2006·Journal of Cellular Biochemistry·Millie Hughes-FulfordUta Jütting
Nov 30, 2005·Immunological Reviews·Majd ZayzafoonJay M McDonald
Jan 20, 2011·Cytoskeleton·Maria Antonia MeloniMarianne Cogoli-Greuter
Aug 19, 2010·Journal of Cellular Biochemistry·Yuvaraj SambandamSakamuri V Reddy
Jan 18, 2003·Journal of Cellular Biochemistry·C Ontiveros, Laura R McCabe
Sep 13, 2014·BioMed Research International·Maria Grazia MasielloMariano Bizzarri
Jan 28, 2014·Bone·Yuvaraj SambandamSakamuri V Reddy
Jan 22, 1998·Experimental Cell Research·E H PiepmeierM L Lewis
Nov 22, 2005·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Sabrina CotrupiJeanette A M Maier
Oct 24, 2003·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Sofia I M CarlssonJeanette A M Maier
Jun 19, 2008·Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics·Yongqing Liu, Eugenia Wang
Feb 5, 2015·BioMed Research International·Fiona LouisAlain Guignandon

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.