Effects of multitasking-training on gray matter structure and resting state neural mechanisms

Human Brain Mapping
Hikaru TakeuchiRyuta Kawashima

Abstract

Multitasking (MT) constitutes engaging in two or more cognitive activities at the same time. MT-training improves performance on untrained MT tasks and alters the functional activity of the brain during MT. However, the effects of MT-training on neural mechanisms beyond MT-related functions are not known. We investigated the effects of 4 weeks of MT-training on regional gray matter volume (rGMV) and functional connectivity during rest (resting-FC) in young human adults. MT-training was associated with increased rGMV in three prefrontal cortical regions (left lateral rostral prefrontal cortex (PFC), dorsolateral PFC (DLPFC), and left inferior frontal junction), the left posterior parietal cortex, and the left temporal and lateral occipital areas as well as decreased resting-FC between the right DLPFC and an anatomical cluster around the ventral anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Our findings suggest that participation in MT-training is as a whole associated with task-irrelevant plasticity (i.e., neural changes are not limited to certain specific task conditions) in regions and the network that are assumed to play roles in MT as well as diverse higher-order cognitive functions. We could not dissociate the effects of each task compo...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 22, 2014·Cerebral Cortex·Clarisse AichelburgEmmanuelle Volle
Feb 18, 2016·Neural Plasticity·Hikaru TakeuchiRyuta Kawashima
Mar 26, 2016·Frontiers in Human Neuroscience·André J SzameitatHermann J Müller
Jul 16, 2014·Brain Structure & Function·Hikaru TakeuchiRyuta Kawashima
Dec 22, 2014·Journal of the American Medical Directors Association·Ryuta KawashimaStephanie FallCreek
Nov 2, 2014·Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience·Hikaru TakeuchiRyuta Kawashima
Apr 9, 2020·Developmental Neurobiology·Olli RajasiltaHasse Karlsson
Jun 22, 2019·Scientific Reports·Hikaru TakeuchiRyuta Kawashima
Jul 25, 2020·Brain Imaging and Behavior·Hikaru TakeuchiRyuta Kawashima
Jul 4, 2018·Psychological Research·Marco HirnsteinJulien Laloyaux
Jun 29, 2021·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Wanja BrüchleKarin Rosenkranz
Jul 28, 2021·Communications Biology·Hikaru TakeuchiRyuta Kawashima

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Software Mentioned

SPSS
SPM2
SPM5
Matlab
PickAtlas
VBM2
WFU

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