Effects of oseltamivir treatment of index patients with influenza on secondary household illness in an urban setting in Bangladesh: secondary analysis of a randomised, placebo-controlled trial

The Lancet Infectious Diseases
Alicia M FryW Abdullah Brooks

Abstract

Antiviral drugs are a proposed medical intervention to reduce household transmission of influenza viruses. In a previously described randomised, placebo-controlled trial in Dhaka, Bangladesh, we showed that oseltamivir treatment of index patients was able to reduce influenza symptom duration and virus shedding. In a further analysis that is part of the same study, we aimed to assess efficacy of oseltamivir to reduce secondary household illnesses in the same cohort. In this double-blind oseltamivir efficacy trial, we identified index patients aged older than 1 year through surveillance of households in Dhaka, Bangladesh. We randomly allocated eligible patients (1:1) to receive oseltamivir or placebo twice-daily for 5 days, and we stratified them by enrolment 48 h versus 48-120 h since illness onset. Participants provided nasal wash specimens at enrolment and 2, 4, and 7 days after enrolment and were visited daily by a research assistant to record symptoms, both in index patients and in household members. For this part of the study, household members were asked to give respiratory specimens for influenza PCR testing. Our primary outcomes were household secondary illness and PCR-confirmed influenza virus infection, assessed in hou...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 28, 2015·Trends in Microbiology·Tim K TsangBenjamin J Cowling
Mar 20, 2015·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·Ian G Barr, Heath A Kelly
Jan 18, 2018·Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses·Hao-Yuan ChengWan-Ting Huang
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Apr 30, 2020·BMC Public Health·Shinya Tsuzuki, Keisuke Yoshihara
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Jan 13, 2021·Wilderness & Environmental Medicine·Yoshihiro AokiNaoto Mizushiro
Jul 11, 2021·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·Frederick G HaydenArnold S Monto

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