Effects of prenatal Leydig cell function on the ratio of the second to fourth digit lengths in school-aged children

PloS One
Takahiko MitsuiKatsuya Nonomura

Abstract

Prenatal sex hormones can induce abnormalities in the reproductive system and adversely impact on genital development. We investigated whether sex hormones in cord blood influenced the ratio of the second to fourth digit lengths (2D/4D) in school-aged children. Of the 514 children who participated in a prospective cohort study on birth in Sapporo between 2002 and 2005, the following sex hormone levels were measured in 294 stored cord blood samples (135 boys and 159 girls); testosterone (T), estradiol (E), progesterone, LH, FSH, inhibin B, and insulin-like factor 3 (INSL3). A total of 350 children, who were of school age and could be contacted for this survey, were then requested via mail to send black-and-white photocopies of the palms of both the left and right hands. 2D/4D was calculated in 190 children (88 boys and 102 girls) using photocopies and derived from participants with the characteristics of older mothers, a higher annual household income, higher educational level, and fewer smokers among family members. 2D/4D was significantly lower in males than in females (p<0.01). In the 294 stored cord blood samples, T, T/E, LH, FSH, Inhibin B, and INSL3 levels were significantly higher in samples collected from males than thos...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Oct 18, 2018·American Journal of Human Biology : the Official Journal of the Human Biology Council·Mahvash ShereMaria P Velez
Dec 20, 2018·Pediatrics International : Official Journal of the Japan Pediatric Society·Takahiko MitsuiKatsuya Nonomura
Jul 1, 2017·Archives of Sexual Behavior·Vickie Pasterski
Oct 16, 2019·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Steven M HarrisonLinda A Baker
Nov 23, 2017·Environmental Health and Preventive Medicine·Reiko KishiUNKNOWN members of The Hokkaido Study on Environment and Children’s Health
Oct 3, 2018·Nihon eiseigaku zasshi. Japanese journal of hygiene·Atsuko ArakiReiko Kishi
Aug 6, 2019·Frontiers in Psychiatry·Simon SanwaldChristian Montag
Oct 16, 2020·Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology : the Journal of the Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology·Natsumi YamaguchiMinoru Irahara

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

Software Mentioned

SPSS
JMP pro

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