Effects of Sad and Happy Music on Mind-Wandering and the Default Mode Network

Scientific Reports
Liila TaruffiStefan Koelsch

Abstract

Music is a ubiquitous phenomenon in human cultures, mostly due to its power to evoke and regulate emotions. However, effects of music evoking different emotional experiences such as sadness and happiness on cognition, and in particular on self-generated thought, are unknown. Here we use probe-caught thought sampling and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to investigate the influence of sad and happy music on mind-wandering and its underlying neuronal mechanisms. In three experiments we found that sad music, compared with happy music, is associated with stronger mind-wandering (Experiments 1A and 1B) and greater centrality of the nodes of the Default Mode Network (DMN) (Experiment 2). Thus, our results demonstrate that, when listening to sad vs. happy music, people withdraw their attention inwards and engage in spontaneous, self-referential cognitive processes. Importantly, our results also underscore that DMN activity can be modulated as a function of sad and happy music. These findings call for a systematic investigation of the relation between music and thought, having broad implications for the use of music in education and clinical settings.

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Citations

Apr 25, 2020·Pain Medicine : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine·Chie UsuiReiichi Inoue
Jun 14, 2018·Brain Sciences·Mark ReybrouckElvira Brattico
Jul 18, 2019·Scientific Reports·Stefan KoelschSebastian Jentschke
Mar 22, 2019·Frontiers in Psychology·Fabiana Silva RibeiroPatrícia Oliveira-Silva
Jun 18, 2020·Frontiers in Psychology·David Huron, Jonna K Vuoskoski
Dec 19, 2020·Brain and Behavior·Zainab SandhuMichael E Sughrue
Sep 9, 2020·NeuroImage·Stefan Koelsch
Nov 27, 2019·Journal of Experimental Child Psychology·Laure-Hélène CanetteBarbara Tillmann
Jan 22, 2021·Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience·Liila TaruffiStefan Koelsch
Jun 10, 2021·Journal of Central Nervous System Disease·Sahil BajajWilliam Ds Killgore
Jun 24, 2021·Psychonomic Bulletin & Review·Kristina KrasichJames R Brockmole
Jul 3, 2021·Brain Sciences·Francesco RuotoloIneke J M van der Ham
Aug 3, 2021·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Archith RajanNandini Chatterjee Singh
Oct 15, 2021·Scientific Reports·Dmitry M DavydovGustavo A Reyes Del Paso

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