Effects of simple active referrals of different intensities on smoking abstinence and smoking cessation services attendance: a cluster-randomized clinical trial.

Addiction
Xue WengMan Ping Wang

Abstract

Proactive brief cessation advice by a lay counsellor combined with a referral to a smoking cessation service (active referral) is effective in increasing service use and quitting in community smokers. We compared the effect of two modified approaches to referrals on the cessation outcomes in community smokers. Three-arm cluster-randomized trial. General community in Hong Kong. Daily cigarette smokers (n = 1163; 77.7% male). Participants were randomized to receive on-site active referral (OSR, n = 395), where lay counsellors helped participants make appointments with a smoking cessation service of their choice plus tailored reminders; mobile text messaging referral (TMR, n = 385), where participants were encouraged to use a smoking cessation service via text messages; or brief cessation advice only (control, n = 383). The primary outcome was a self-reported 7-day point-prevalence abstinence at 6 months post-treatment initiation. Secondary outcomes included 7-day point-prevalence abstinence at 3 and 18 months, biochemically validated abstinence, smoking reduction and the use of cessation services at 3, 6 and 18 months. Using intention-to-treat analysis, the OSR (17.7%) and TMR (17.1%) groups had significantly higher self-reported...Continue Reading

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