Effects of six months of daily low-dose perchlorate exposure on thyroid function in healthy volunteers

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism
L BravermanAnthony Firek

Abstract

Perchlorate has been detected in U.S. drinking water supplies at levels ranging from 4 to 200 microg/liter as well as in agricultural products. Perchlorate is known to be a competitive inhibitor of iodine uptake by the thyroid through the sodium-iodide symporter. The objective of the study was to determine whether prolonged exposure (6 months) to low levels of perchlorate would perturb thyroid function. This was a prospective, double-blinded, randomized trial. The study population consisted of 13 healthy volunteers. INTERVENTIONs included placebo vs. 0.5 mg or 3.0 mg potassium perchlorate daily. Serum thyroid function tests, 24-h radioactive iodine uptake, serum thyroglobulin (Tg), urinary iodine and perchlorate, and serum perchlorate were measured. Mean urinary perchlorate value during ingestion of 0.5 mg perchlorate daily was 332.7 +/- 66.1 microg per 24 h or 248.5 +/- 64.5 microg/g creatinine and mean values for the four subjects who received 3 mg perchlorate daily were 2079.5 +/- 430.0 microg per 24 h or 1941.7 +/- 138.5 microg/g creatinine. There was no significant change in the thyroid (123)I uptakes during perchlorate administration. There were no significant changes in serum T(3), free T(4) index, TSH, or Tg concentrati...Continue Reading

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