PMID: 8458658Jan 1, 1993Paper

Effects of smoking and drinking on excretion of hippuric acid among toluene-exposed workers

International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health
Osamu InoueM Ikeda

Abstract

In order to investigate possible effects of smoking and drinking on the metabolism of toluene in occupational settings, 206 toluene-exposed men (mean age: 31.4 years) in shoemaking, painting, or surface-coating workshops together with 246 nonexposed control men (36.8 years) were studied for the time-weighted average intensities of exposure to toluene, hippuric acid concentration in shift-end urine samples, and the two social habits of smoking and drinking. The mean daily consumptions of cigarettes and ethanol were about 20 pieces and 10 g among smokers and drinkers, respectively. The geometric mean toluene concentration among the exposed subjects was about 20 ppm, with a maximum of 521 ppm. Regression analysis after classification of the subjects by smoking and drinking clearly demonstrated that the two social habits, when combined, markedly reduce the hippuric acid level in the urine of workers exposed to toluene. There was a significant association between smoking and drinking habits, which hindered separate evaluation of the effects of the two habits on toluene metabolism. Comparison of the present results with the findings reported in the literature, however, suggested that the observed effects may be attributable to smokin...Continue Reading

References

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Citations

Jan 1, 1993·International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health·O InoueM Ikeda
Jan 1, 1995·International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health·O InoueM Ikeda
Oct 16, 2007·International Archives of Occupational and Environmental Health·Toshio KawaiMasayuki Ikeda
May 14, 2009·Occupational Medicine·Masahiro MunakaSatomi Sasaki
Jan 1, 1994·Occupational and Environmental Medicine·M Y HuangM Ikeda
Nov 26, 2005·Biomarkers : Biochemical Indicators of Exposure, Response, and Susceptibility to Chemicals·M J Nunes de Paiva, M E Pereira Bastos de Siqueira
Jan 1, 1995·International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Health·O InoueM Ikeda
Dec 19, 2002·Revista de saúde pública·Maria Elisa P B Siqueira, Maria José N Paiva
May 6, 2011·Toxicology and Industrial Health·Hsu-Tzu ShihHisen-Wen Kuo
Mar 24, 2016·Journal of Breath Research·A Peralbo-MolinaM D Luque de Castro
May 1, 2001·Journal of Toxicology. Clinical Toxicology·B Raikhlin-EisenkraftY Bentur

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