Effects of smoking status on immediate treatment outcomes of multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation

Pain Medicine : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Pain Medicine
W Michael HootenDavid O Warner

Abstract

The primary aim of this study was to determine the effects of smoking on treatment outcomes following multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation. A secondary aim was to assess the tobacco use characteristics of smokers with chronic pain. A prospective, nonrandomized, repeated measures design. Multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation center at a tertiary referral medical center. All patients (N = 193) consecutively admitted from August 2005 through February 2006. A 3-week outpatient multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation program. The Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI), Short Form-36 Health Status Questionnaire (SF-36), Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D), Pain Anxiety Symptom Scale (PASS-20) and Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) were administered at admission and dismissal. The study involved 49 (83% women) smokers and 144 (83% women) nonsmokers. The mean number of cigarettes smoked daily was 17.5 (SD 11.1) and the mean duration of smoking was 21.5 years (SD 12.1). After adjusting for demographic differences, repeated measures of analysis of covariance showed a main effect of smoking status for MPI affective distress (P = 0.008), CES-D (P = 0.001) and PCS (P = 0.011). An interaction of smoking status and time was ...Continue Reading

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Citations

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