Effects of subchronic pyridostigmine pretreatment on the toxicity of soman

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
J D Shiloff, J G Clement

Abstract

The effect of subchronic pyridostigmine pretreatment on the toxicity of soman, in the absence of supporting therapy (atropine, oxime, and (or) anticonvulsant), as well as its effect on muscarinic cholinoceptor binding characteristics was assessed in the rat. Pretreatment with pyridostigmine by means of an implanted Alzet osmotic minipump for a 5-day total exposure dose of 12 mg/kg inhibited whole blood acetylcholinesterase activity by 73%. This pyridostigmine pretreatment lowered the soman LD50 from 104 micrograms/kg in control animals to 82 micrograms/kg. In addition, the time to onset of soman-induced convulsions in pyridostigmine pretreated animals was significantly (p less than 0.001) reduced. Pyridostigmine pretreatment produced no significant effect on muscarinic cholinoceptor binding in brain or ileum. Lower doses of pyridostigmine pretreatment inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity (65 and 25%); however, LD50 and time to onset of convulsions following soman (140 micrograms/kg) were not significantly different from controls.

Citations

Oct 1, 1990·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·S Z KerenyiS L Hartgraves
Nov 1, 1994·Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior·D W BlickS L Hartgraves
Feb 1, 1992·Journal of Applied Toxicology : JAT·M AdlerE X Albuquerque
Nov 2, 2006·Journal of Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics : the Official Journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Paul A DabischRobert J Mioduszewski

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