Abstract
The primary management tactic for lepidopteran pests of cotton in the United States of America (USA) is the use of transgenic cotton that produces Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) toxins. The primary target pests of this technology are Helicoverpa zea (Boddie) and Heliothis virescens (F.) in the eastern and central Cotton Belt of the USA. Concerns over the evolution of resistance in H. zea to Bt toxins and scrutiny of the necessity of Bt crops has escalated. We reviewed published and unpublished data from field trials of Bt cotton in the eastern and central Cotton Belt of the USA through 2015 to evaluate the effectiveness of Bt cotton (Bollgard, Bollgard II, WideStrike, WideStrike 3, and TwinLink). Bt cotton reduced insecticide usage, reduced heliothine pest numbers and damage, and provided a yield benefit, but Bollgard II and WideStrike efficacy declined in the Midsouth over the period evaluated. In the Southeastern region, heliothine damage remained constant through 2015, but yield benefits declined from 2010 until 2015. Resistance of H. zea to several Bt toxins is the most plausible explanation for the observed changes in Bt cotton efficacy. The introduction of new Bt toxins such as found in Widestrike 3 and Twinlink may...Continue Reading
References
Mar 4, 1997·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·B E TabashnikD G Heckel
Mar 4, 2000·Nature Biotechnology·A M SheltonE D Earle
May 29, 2000·Journal of Economic Entomology·M A Caprio, D M Suckling
Mar 10, 2001·Journal of Economic Entomology·J J AdamczykD V Sumerford
Mar 10, 2001·Journal of Economic Entomology·D S BrickleM J Sullivan
Sep 1, 1992·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·F GouldW J Moar
Jan 5, 2002·Journal of Economic Entomology·J J AdamczykD D Hardee
Mar 26, 2003·Journal of Economic Entomology·Nicholas P StorerGeorge G Kennedy
Mar 26, 2003·Journal of Economic Entomology·Nicholas P StorerGeorge G Kennedy
Jul 11, 2003·Journal of Economic Entomology·R L ChitkowskiW C Bridges
Dec 4, 2003·Nature Biotechnology·Fred Gould
Apr 1, 2006·Journal of Economic Entomology·M I AliS Y Young
Nov 21, 2007·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Konasale J AnilkumarWilliam J Moar
Nov 23, 2007·Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery : JPRAS·G Cooper-Hobson, W Jaffe
Jan 13, 2009·Journal of Economic Entomology·M Willrich SiebertR M Huckaba
Jul 22, 2009·PLoS Medicine·David MoherUNKNOWN PRISMA Group
Sep 25, 2009·Biology Letters·Gavin Stewart
Jan 15, 2010·Journal of Economic Entomology·Bruce E TabashnikYves Carrière
May 14, 2011·Ecological Applications : a Publication of the Ecological Society of America·Anthony R IvesDavid A Andow
Aug 17, 2011·GM Crops·Eric C BurknessWilliam D Hutchison
Mar 2, 2013·Journal of Economic Entomology·Kristine T EdwardsFred R Musser
Mar 27, 2013·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Thierry BrévaultYves Carrière
Sep 12, 2015·Journal of Economic Entomology·André Luiz Barreto CrespoDonald Cook
Oct 16, 2015·Journal of Invertebrate Pathology·Kara L WelchYves Carrière
Dec 4, 2016·Annual Review of Entomology·Jay A Rosenheim, Claudio Gratton
Dec 31, 2016·PloS One·Galen P DivelyChad Finkenbinder
Citations
Sep 29, 2018·Pest Management Science·Min ZhangXianchun Li
Mar 14, 2019·PloS One·Nathan S LittleDeborah L Boykin
Aug 4, 2019·Journal of Economic Entomology·Michael A CaprioFrancis P F Reay-Jones
Jul 3, 2020·Pest Management Science·Marcelo M RabeloBlair D Siegfried
Sep 11, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Roger D LawrieR Michael Roe
Jun 26, 2020·Journal of Economic Entomology·Yves CarrièreBruce E Tabashnik
Sep 3, 2020·Toxins·Marcelo M RabeloBlair D Siegfried
Dec 23, 2020·Pest Management Science·Yves CarrièreBruce E Tabashnik
Feb 23, 2021·Journal of Economic Entomology·Alejandro I Del Pozo-ValdiviaSally V Taylor
May 18, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Kesiraju KarthikRohini Sreevathsa
Aug 2, 2021·Pest Management Science·Seth J DormanAnders S Huseth
Sep 4, 2021·Scientific Reports·Benjamin ArendsGeorge G Kennedy
Oct 10, 2021·Journal of Economic Entomology·Wilfrid CalvinDavid L Kerns