Effects of tryptophan, serotonin, and kynurenine on ischemic heart diseases and its risk factors: a Mendelian Randomization study.

European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Mengyu LiCatherine Mary Schooling

Abstract

Tryptophan is an essential amino acid that must be obtained from dietary items, such as dairy products, eggs, nuts, legumes, and grains, which are rich in tryptophan. It has also been suggested as a dietary supplement to improve mental health. Observationally plasma tryptophan is inversely associated with ischemic heart disease (IHD), however, its main metabolites, serotonin, and kynurenine are positively associated with IHD, which makes the effects of tryptophan difficult to infer. This study aimed to obtain less-confounded estimates of the associations of tryptophan and physiologically related factors (serotonin and kynurenine) with IHD, its risk factors and depression. We used a two-sample Mendelian Randomization study design. We used genetic instruments independently associated with tryptophan, serotonin, and kynurenine metabolites applied to a meta-analysis of the UK Biobank SOFT CAD study with the CARDIoGRAMplusC4D consortium (cases n ≤ 76,014 and controls n ≤ 264,785), and other consortia for risk factors including diabetes, lipids, and blood pressure, as well as for depression. We combined genetic variant-specific estimates using inverse variance weighting, with MR-Egger, the weighted median and MR-PRESSO as sensitivity...Continue Reading

References

Nov 4, 2000·Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics·N HergovichB Jilma
Aug 10, 2002·The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry·Kelly ShawChristopher Del Mar
Apr 12, 2003·International Journal of Epidemiology·George Davey Smith, Shah Ebrahim
Jun 20, 2003·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·B WirleitnerD Fuchs
Nov 5, 2003·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Francine CôtéGuilan Vodjdani
Jan 18, 2006·American Journal of Epidemiology·Dorothea NitschDavid A Leon
Nov 21, 2008·Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology·Gillian M MackayL Gail Darlington
Mar 13, 2012·Pharmacological Reviews·Stephanie W WattsSusan M Barman
Apr 16, 2013·American Journal of Epidemiology·C M SchoolingB J Cowling
Sep 26, 2013·International Journal of Epidemiology·Kenneth J RothmanElizabeth E Hatch
Oct 8, 2013·Nature Genetics·Cristen J WillerUNKNOWN Global Lipids Genetics Consortium
Oct 12, 2013·Genetic Epidemiology·Stephen BurgessSimon G Thompson
Apr 5, 2014·Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics : the Journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists)·Richard A Armstrong
May 13, 2014·Nature Genetics·So-Youn ShinNicole Soranzo
Jul 30, 2014·Human Molecular Genetics·George Davey Smith, Gibran Hemani
Aug 6, 2014·Journal of the American Heart Association·Giuseppe RistagnoUNKNOWN FINNRESUSCI Investigators
Nov 20, 2014·Journal of Physiological Anthropology·Haruna FukushigeTakeshi Morita
Dec 20, 2014·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·Eva Ringdal PedersenOttar Nygård
Jan 15, 2015·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·Christian MurrDietmar Fuchs
Mar 17, 2015·European Journal of Epidemiology·Stephen BurgessUNKNOWN EPIC- InterAct Consortium
Apr 18, 2015·International Journal of Cardiology·Simone J P M EussenGrethe S Tell
May 12, 2015·Frontiers in Bioscience (Landmark Edition)·Qiongxin WangMing-Hui Zou
Jun 8, 2015·International Journal of Epidemiology·Jack BowdenStephen Burgess
Jun 9, 2015·JAMA Internal Medicine·Michael T M WangAndrew Grey
Nov 13, 2015·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care·Barbara StrasserDietmar Fuchs
Jan 24, 2016·Osteoarthritis and Cartilage·Jonas Ranstam
Sep 22, 2016·International Journal of Epidemiology·Jack BowdenGeorge Davey Smith
Oct 30, 2016·European Journal of Clinical Investigation·Keisuke EjimaDavid B Allison
Dec 10, 2016·The Journal of Nutrition·John D Fernstrom
Aug 12, 2017·Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition·Joanna Kałużna-CzaplińskaGeir Bjørklund
Nov 23, 2017·JAMA : the Journal of the American Medical Association·Connor A EmdinSekar Kathiresan
Oct 26, 2018·Circulation·Juan-Carlos KaskiPaolo G Camici

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Methods Mentioned

BETA
genotyping

Software Mentioned

TwoSampleMR ) R package
R
Base (
Mendelian Randomization
MR
Egger
PRESSO
PRESSO R

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.