Efficacy, effectiveness, and behavior change trials in exercise research

The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
K S Courneya

Abstract

The widespread incorporation of behavioral support interventions into exercise trials has sometimes caused confusion concerning the primary purpose of a trial. The purpose of the present paper is to offer some conceptual and methodological distinctions among three types of exercise trials with a view towards improving their design, conduct, reporting, and interpretation. Exercise trials can be divided into "health outcome trials" or "behavior change trials" based on their primary outcome. Health outcome trials can be further divided into efficacy and effectiveness trials based on their potential for dissemination into practice. Exercise efficacy trials may achieve high levels of exercise adherence by supervising the exercise over a short intervention period ("traditional" exercise efficacy trials) or by the adoption of an extensive behavioral support intervention designed to accommodate unsupervised exercise and/or an extended intervention period ("contemporary" exercise efficacy trials). Exercise effectiveness trials may emanate from the desire to test exercise interventions with proven efficacy ("traditional" exercise effectiveness trials) or the desire to test behavioral support interventions with proven feasibility ("contem...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 29, 2011·Supportive Care in Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer·Linda TrinhKerry S Courneya
Jul 28, 2013·Journal of Cancer Survivorship : Research and Practice·Camille E ShortRonald C Plotnikoff
Oct 11, 2011·Contemporary Clinical Trials·Laura Q RogersKaren Hoelzer
Jul 19, 2015·The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity·Stuart J H Biddle, Alan M Batterham
Sep 4, 2014·European Journal of Oncology Nursing : the Official Journal of European Oncology Nursing Society·Linda TrinhKerry S Courneya
Dec 16, 2017·Supportive Care in Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer·Stephen J CarterLaura Q Rogers
Sep 26, 2013·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Liam BourkeStephanie J C Taylor
Sep 20, 2018·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Rebecca R TurnerLiam Bourke
May 26, 2017·Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise·Laura Q RogersEdward McAuley
Nov 1, 2018·The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity·Rianne Henrica Johanna GolsteijnLilian Lechner
Apr 27, 2019·The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity·Martin S Hagger, Mike Weed
Oct 2, 2017·Supportive Care in Cancer : Official Journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer·Kerri M Winters-StoneArpana Naik
Jun 21, 2017·Oncology Nursing Forum·Ashley Leak BryantClaudio Battaglini
Jul 6, 2014·The International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity·Caroline S KampshoffLaurien M Buffart

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