Efficacy of clarithromycin against experimentally induced pneumonia caused by clarithromycin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae in mice.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Shigeki NakamuraS Kohno

Abstract

Clarithromycin is a 14-member lactone ring macrolide with potent activity against Haemophilus influenzae, including ampicillin-resistant strains. We evaluated the in vivo efficacy of clarithromycin at 40 mg/day and 100 mg/day for 3 days in the treatment of a murine model of pneumonia using a macrolide-resistant H. influenzae strain, which was also ampicillin resistant. The MIC of clarithromycin was 64 microg/ml. The viable bacterial counts in infected tissues after treatment with 100 mg clarithromycin/kg of body weight were lower than the counts obtained in control and 40-mg/kg clarithromycin-treated mice. The concentrations of macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) and interleukin 1beta (IL-1beta) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) samples from mice treated at both concentrations were lower than in the control group. Pathologically, following infection, clarithromycin-treated mice, particularly at a dose of 100 mg/kg, showed lower numbers of neutrophils in alveolar walls, and inflammatory changes had apparently improved, whereas large aggregates of inflammatory cells were observed within the alveoli of control mice. In addition, we demonstrated that clarithromycin has bacteriological effects against intracellular bacter...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 23, 2011·The Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy·Alexandra KovalevaJan Jelrik Oosterheert
Jul 11, 2012·Mediators of Inflammation·Helen C SteelCharles Feldman
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Sep 13, 2015·Pulmonary Pharmacology & Therapeutics·Masuo NakamuraHajime Takizawa
Apr 8, 2015·Respiratory Research·María-José LorenzoRosario Menéndez
Jan 18, 2012·Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases·Maria Mouktaroudi, Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis
Oct 8, 2021·European Respiratory Review : an Official Journal of the European Respiratory Society·Andrea SauerChristian Bode

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