Efflux Pumps Might Not Be the Major Drivers of QAC Resistance in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Chembiochem : a European Journal of Chemical Biology
Megan C JenningsWilliam M Wuest

Abstract

Quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs) are commonly used antiseptics that are now known to be subject to bacterial resistance. The prevalence and mechanisms of such resistance, however, remain underexplored. We investigated a variety of QACs, including those with multicationic structures (multiQACs), and the resistance displayed by a variety of Staphylococcus aureus strains with and without genes encoding efflux pumps, the purported main driver of bacterial resistance in MRSA. Through minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)-, kinetic-, and efflux-based assays, we found that neither the qacR/qacA system present in S. aureus nor another efflux pump system is the main reason for bacterial resistance to QACs. Our findings suggest that membrane composition could be the predominant driver that allows CA-MRSA to withstand the assault of conventional QAC antiseptics.

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Citations

Dec 12, 2018·Applied and Environmental Microbiology·Sarah ForbesAndrew J McBain
Dec 21, 2019·Chembiochem : a European Journal of Chemical Biology·Saleh AlkhalifaVincenzo Carnevale
Jan 12, 2021·World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology·Ewa ObłąkAnna Wieczyńska
Jun 3, 2021·Antibiotics·Angelica ArtasensiLaura Fumagalli
Nov 16, 2017·ACS Infectious Diseases·Kelly M Craft, Steven D Townsend
Mar 28, 2020·ACS Infectious Diseases·George M OngwaeMarcos M Pires
Nov 1, 2021·Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology·Laura J FoxAndrew J McBain

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