Eicosapentaenoic acid shows anti-inflammatory effect via GPR120 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes and attenuates adipose tissue inflammation in diet-induced obese mice

Nutrition & Metabolism
Hodaka YamadaKazuo Hara

Abstract

Saturated fatty acids have been shown to cause insulin resistance and low-grade chronic inflammation, whereas unsaturated fatty acids suppress inflammation via G-protein coupled receptor 120 (GPR120) in macrophages. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of unsaturated fatty acids in adipocytes have yet to be elucidated. Hence, the aims of the present study were to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) via GPR120 in adipocytes. We used 250 μM palmitate as a representative saturated fatty acid. 3T3-L1 adipocytes were used for in vitro studies. We further evaluated the effect of EPA supplementation in a high-fat/high-sucrose (HFHS) diet-induced adipose tissue inflammatory mouse model. EPA attenuated palmitate-induced increases in inflammatory gene expression and NF-κB phosphorylation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Silencing of GPR120 abolished the anti-inflammatory effects of EPA. In GPR120 downstream signal analysis, EPA was found to decrease palmitate-induced increases in TAK1/TAB1 complex expression. EPA supplementation suppressed HFHS-induced crown-like structure formation in epididymal adipose tissue and altered macrophage phenotypes from M1 to M2 in the stromal vascular fraction. Moreover, the EPA-con...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 14, 2018·Metabolites·Christopher C F HoweDavid G Watson
Sep 6, 2019·Physiological Reviews·Ikuo KimuraMiki Igarashi
Dec 22, 2019·Marine Drugs·Gennaro Riccio, Chiara Lauritano
Mar 28, 2020·Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology·R Preston MasonDeepak L Bhatt
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Apr 26, 2020·Journal of Neuroinflammation·Yu AbekuraTomohiro Aoki
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Methods Mentioned

BETA
ELISA
Co-IP

Software Mentioned

Prism
GraphPad

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