Electrical Impedance Tomography for Cardio-Pulmonary Monitoring

Journal of Clinical Medicine
Christian PutensenThomas Muders

Abstract

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a bedside monitoring tool that noninvasively visualizes local ventilation and arguably lung perfusion distribution. This article reviews and discusses both methodological and clinical aspects of thoracic EIT. Initially, investigators addressed the validation of EIT to measure regional ventilation. Current studies focus mainly on its clinical applications to quantify lung collapse, tidal recruitment, and lung overdistension to titrate positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) and tidal volume. In addition, EIT may help to detect pneumothorax. Recent studies evaluated EIT as a tool to measure regional lung perfusion. Indicator-free EIT measurements might be sufficient to continuously measure cardiac stroke volume. The use of a contrast agent such as saline might be required to assess regional lung perfusion. As a result, EIT-based monitoring of regional ventilation and lung perfusion may visualize local ventilation and perfusion matching, which can be helpful in the treatment of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).

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Citations

Jan 30, 2020·Minerva anestesiologica·Franco CavalierePierpaolo Terragni
Dec 11, 2019·Journal of Clinical Medicine·Gaetano Perchiazzi, Hermann Wrigge
Dec 15, 2020·Current Opinion in Critical Care·Gabriele ViaLuigi Camporota
Apr 23, 2021·Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing·Erwan L'HerDimitris Visvikis
Aug 6, 2021·Respiratory Medicine·Nicolò SellaPaolo Navalesi
Jun 25, 2021·Physiological Measurement·Benjamin HentzeSteffen Leonhardt

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