Electrochemistry Combined with LC-HRMS: Elucidating Transformation Products of the Recalcitrant Pharmaceutical Compound Carbamazepine Generated by the White-Rot Fungus Pleurotus ostreatus

Environmental Science & Technology
Bettina SeiwertThorsten Reemtsma

Abstract

Transformation products (TPs) of environmental pollutants must be identified to understand biodegradation processes and reaction mechanisms and to assess the efficiency of treatment processes. The combination of oxidation by an electrochemical cell (EC) with analysis by liquid chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) is a rapid approach for the determination and identification of TPs generated by natural microbial processes. Electrochemically generated TPs of the recalcitrant pharmaceutical carbamazepine (CBZ) were used for a target screening for TPs formed by the white-rot fungus Pleurotus ostreatus. EC with LC-HRMS facilitates detection and identification of TPs because the product spectrum is not superimposed with biogenic metabolites and elevated substrate concentrations can be used. A group of 10 TPs formed in the microbial process were detected by target screening for molecular ions, and another 4 were detected by screening on the basis of characteristic fragment ions. Three of these TPs have never been reported before. For CBZ, EC with LC-HRMS was found to be more effective than software tools in defining targets for the screening and faster than nontarget screening alone in TP identification. EC with L...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 9, 2016·Water Research·Anne KönigMartin Jekel
Jul 6, 2016·Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry·Christina RiemenschneiderThorsten Reemtsma
Dec 16, 2016·Environmental Science & Technology·Kelly G AukemaLawrence P Wackett
Sep 7, 2017·Environmental Science & Technology·Juliane HollenderP Lee Ferguson
Jun 28, 2019·Environmental Science & Technology·Qing ZhangGuibin Jiang
May 17, 2017·Environmental Science & Technology·Christina RiemenschneiderThorsten Reemtsma

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