Electroencephalographic biofeedback for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in childhood and adolescence

Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics
Martin Holtmann, Christina Stadler

Abstract

Considerable scientific effort has been directed at developing effective treatments for attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Among alternative treatment approaches, electroencephalographic (EEG) biofeedback has gained promising empirical support in recent years. Short-term effects were shown to be comparable to those of stimulant medication at the behavioral and neuropsychological level, leading to significant decreases of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. In addition, EEG biofeedback results in concomitant improvement of neurophysiological patterns. EEG biofeedback may already be used within a multimodal setting, providing affected children and adolescents with a means of learning to counterbalance their ADHD symptoms without side effects. However, there is still a strong need for more empirically and methodologically sound evaluation studies.

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Citations

Aug 16, 2011·European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry·Ali Reza BakhshayeshGünter Esser
Jul 3, 2013·Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology·Geir Ogrim, Knut A Hestad
May 9, 2014·Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback·Poppy L A Schoenberg, Anthony S David
Sep 16, 2014·Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America·Martin HoltmannDaniel Brandeis
Jun 1, 2006·Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics·Katja Becker, Martin Holtmann
Jul 15, 2011·Developmental Medicine and Child Neurology·Martin HoltmannSven Bölte
Jul 11, 2014·Applied Neuropsychology. Child·Paul BeljanLaura Wingers
Dec 25, 2012·Journal of Attention Disorders·Kerstin MayerUte Strehl

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