Electrohydrodynamic spray applicator for homogenous application and reduced overspray of sunscreen.

Skin Research and Technology : Official Journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI)
Johannes SchleusenerM C Meinke

Abstract

The recommended amount of sunscreen by hand application (2 mg/cm2 ) is in reality not achieved, which decreases the homogeneity and thereby the effective sun protection factor (SPF). The homogeneity of sunscreen applied by a newly developed spray applicator using an electrostatically charged aerosol, for which a hand rubbing of the formulation is not necessary, is evaluated. In vivo experiments were performed on the volar forearms of human volunteers using the spray applicator compared to the standardized hand application according to ISO 24444. The distribution homogeneity was assessed qualitatively using in vivo laser scanning microscopy and quantitatively by absorption spectroscopy after tape stripping and by the standard deviation of multiple spatially displaced reflectance measurements for non-invasive SPF determination below the minimal erythemal dose, which showed a significantly higher homogeneity by 20.9% after spray application compared to hand application. Non-invasive SPF determination of multiple spatially displaced reflectance measurements was proven to be a suitable method for the non-invasive determination of the sunscreen distribution homogeneity. Electrostatically charged spray application increased the sunscr...Continue Reading

References

May 20, 2006·The Journal of Investigative Dermatology·Frank StrackeMarc Schneider
Jan 26, 2007·Skin Research and Technology : Official Journal of International Society for Bioengineering and the Skin (ISBS) [and] International Society for Digital Imaging of Skin (ISDIS) [and] International Society for Skin Imaging (ISSI)·Ute JacobiJuergen Lademann
Oct 9, 2009·The Journal of Investigative Dermatology·Maxim E DarvinMartina C Meinke
Mar 11, 2010·Skin Pharmacology and Physiology·M RohrL Zastrow
Nov 20, 2014·Journal of Biomedical Optics·Myriam SohnGeorgios Imanidis
Mar 17, 2015·Photodermatology, Photoimmunology & Photomedicine·Rachel NovickKen Unice
Jan 5, 2017·Skin Pharmacology and Physiology·Verena KornGeorgios Imanidis
May 24, 2018·Skin Pharmacology and Physiology·Mathias RohrAndreas Schrader

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