Electron Transfer Pathways in Cholesterol Synthesis

Lipids
Todd D Porter

Abstract

Cholesterol synthesis in the endoplasmic reticulum requires electron input at multiple steps and utilizes both NADH and NADPH as the electron source. Four enzymes catalyzing five steps in the pathway require electron input: squalene monooxygenase, lanosterol demethylase, sterol 4α-methyl oxidase, and sterol C5-desaturase. The electron-donor proteins for these enzymes include cytochrome P450 reductase and the cytochrome b5 pathway. Here I review the evidence for electron donor protein requirements with these enzymes, the evidence for additional electron donor pathways, and the effect of deletion of these redox enzymes on cholesterol and lipid metabolism.

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Citations

Jun 22, 2017·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Joshua P Fessel, William M Oldham
Oct 27, 2017·Metallomics : Integrated Biometal Science·Matthias MisslingerHubertus Haas
Jul 15, 2020·Biotechnology and Bioengineering·Valentine ChevallierChristopher T Workman
Jan 27, 2017·Biology Direct·Maria Sol Herrera-Cruz, Thomas Simmen
Feb 23, 2019·Nature Communications·Andrew J BrownNieng Yan
May 4, 2020·Progress in Lipid Research·Ngee Kiat ChuaAndrew J Brown
Apr 7, 2021·Molecular Psychiatry·Zeljka KoradeKároly Mirnics
Jun 23, 2018·Chemical Reviews·F Peter Guengerich, Francis K Yoshimoto

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