Electronic Densities of States from X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards. Section A, Physics and Chemistry
C S Fadley, D A Shirley

Abstract

In x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), a sample is exposed to low energy x rays (approximately 1 keV), and the resultant photoelectrons are analyzed with high precision for kinetic energy. After correction for inelastic scattering, the measured photoelectron spectrum should reflect the valence band density of states, as well as the binding energies of several core electronic levels. All features in this spectrum will be modulated by appropriate photoelectric cross sections, and there are several types of final-state effects which could complicate the interpretation further. In comparison with ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy (UPS), XPS has the following advantages: (1) the effects of inelastic scattering are less pronounced and can be corrected for by using a core reference level, (2) core levels can also be used to monitor the chemical state of the sample, (3) the free electron states in the photoemission process do not introduce significant distortion of the photoelectron spectrum, and (4) the surface condition of the sample does not appear to be as critical as in UPS. XPS seems to be capable of giving a very good description of the general shape of the density-of-states function. A decided advantage of UPS at the p...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 10, 2005·Chemical Communications : Chem Comm·T MaddanimathG Ramanath
Dec 29, 2006·Small·Satyajyoti SenapatiRajiv Kumar
Dec 1, 1988·Physical Review. B, Condensed Matter·P Sigmund
Jun 3, 2016·The Review of Scientific Instruments·J J Velasco-VélezA Knop-Gericke
Apr 21, 2021·Dalton Transactions : an International Journal of Inorganic Chemistry·Ghada El JamalMats Jonsson
Jun 20, 2012·ACS Nano·Sujoy K DasEnrico Marsili
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Sep 21, 2019·The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters·Fan Zheng, Lin-Wang Wang
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