Elevated body mass index and maintenance of cognitive function in late life: exploring underlying neural mechanisms

Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience
Chun Liang HsuTeresa Liu-Ambrose

Abstract

Obesity is associated with vascular risk factors that in turn, may increase dementia risk. However, higher body mass index (BMI) in late life may be neuroprotective. The possible neural mechanisms underlying the benefit of higher BMI on cognition in older adults are largely unknown. Thus, we used functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) to examine: (1) the relationship between BMI and functional brain connectivity; and (2) the mediating role of functional brain connectivity in the association between baseline BMI and change in cognitive function over a 12-month period. We conducted a 12-month, prospective study among 66 community-dwelling older adults, aged 70 to 80 years, who were categorized as: normal weight (BMI from 18.50 to 24.99); overweight (BMI from 25.00 to 29.99); and obese (BMI ≥ 30.00). At baseline, participants performed a finger-tapping task during fMRI scanning. Relevant neural networks were initially identified through independent component analysis (ICA) and subsequently examined through seed-based functional connectivity analysis. At baseline and 12-months, we measured three executive cognitive processes: (1) response inhibition; (2) set shifting; and (3) working memory. Obese individuals sh...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 16, 2016·Neuropsychology, Development, and Cognition. Section B, Aging, Neuropsychology and Cognition·Liselotte De WitVonetta M Dotson
Aug 12, 2016·Frontiers in Psychology·Tai-Fen SongYu-Kai Chang
Nov 2, 2019·Scientific Reports·Leonie J T BalterJane E Raymond
Oct 9, 2019·Journal of Clinical Neurology·Han Soo YooSuk Yun Kang
Oct 22, 2020·European Geriatric Medicine·Monica DinuUNKNOWN Mugello Study Working Group

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Software Mentioned

MELODIC
MCFLIRT
MATLAB
Brain Extraction Tool ( BET )
SPM Parametric Mapping
FSL Dual Regression
SPSS
FSL ( FMRIB s Software Library )
FSL
PROCESS Macro

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