Elevated glutamate levels in the vitreous body of humans and monkeys with glaucoma

Archives of Ophthalmology
E B DreyerS A Lipton

Abstract

To explore the possibility that the excitatory amino acid glutamate might be associated with the disease process of glaucoma, which is characterized by the death of retinal ganglion cell neurons and subsequent visual dysfunction. Amino acid analyses were performed on vitreous specimens that were obtained from patients who were undergoing cataract extraction. Samples were collected prospectively from those patients who sustained inadvertent rupture of the posterior capsule between 1988 and 1993. An additional set of specimens, obtained from both eyes of monkeys, was analyzed; in these monkeys, glaucoma had been experimentally induced in one eye only. A twofold elevation in the level of glutamate was detected in the vitreous body of the group of patients with glaucoma when compared with that in a control population of patients with cataracts only. An even greater elevation of the glutamate level was found in the vitreous body of glaucomatous eyes of monkeys when compared with that in control eyes. No statistical differences were detected among other amino acid levels from the vitreous body of glaucomatous and nonglaucomatous eyes in humans or monkeys. The excitatory amino acid glutamate is found in the vitreous body of glaucomato...Continue Reading

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