Elevated S100A9 expression in tumor stroma functions as an early recurrence marker for early-stage oral cancer patients through increased tumor cell invasion, angiogenesis, macrophage recruitment and interleukin-6 production

Oncotarget
Wei-Yu FangLi-Wha Wu

Abstract

S100A9 is a calcium-binding protein with two EF-hands and frequently deregulated in several cancer types, however, with no clear role in oral cancer. In this report, the expression of S100A9 in cancer and adjacent tissues from 79 early-stage oral cancer patients was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Although S100A9 protein was present in both tumor and stromal cells, only the early-stage oral cancer patients with high stromal expression had reduced recurrence-free survival. High stromal S100A9 expression was also significantly associated with non-well differentiation and recurrence. In addition to increasing cell migration and invasion, ectopic S100A9 expression in tumor cells promoted xenograft tumorigenesis as well as the dominant expression of myeloid cell markers and pro-inflammatory IL-6. The expression of S100A9 in one stromal component, monocytes, stimulated the aggressiveness of co-cultured oral cancer cells. We also detected the elevation of serum S100A9 levels in early-stage oral cancer patients of a separate cohort of 73 oral cancer patients. The release of S100A9 protein into extracellular milieu enhanced tumor cell invasion, transendothelial monocyte migration and angiogenic activity. S100A9-mediated releas...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 18, 2015·Journal for Immunotherapy of Cancer·Anders OlssonTomas Leanderson
Apr 7, 2017·Diagnostic Pathology·Maria Noel Marzano Rodrigues PetruzziMaria Antonia Zancanaro de Figueiredo
Sep 27, 2018·Cancers·Walaa Hamed Shaker NasryChelsea K Martin
Nov 23, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Re-Wen WuFeng-Sheng Wang
Apr 6, 2021·Frontiers in Oncology·Eleni Marina KalogirouPanagiotis F Christopoulos

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
xenografts
xenograft
ELISA
protein assay
PCR
transfection

Software Mentioned

Image J
HistoQuest

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