Emergence and Adaptation of a Novel Highly Pathogenic H7N9 Influenza Virus in Birds and Humans from a 2013 Human-Infecting Low-Pathogenic Ancestor

Journal of Virology
Wenbao QiMing Liao

Abstract

Since its emergence in 2013, the H7N9 low-pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAIV) has been circulating in domestic poultry in China, causing five waves of human infections. A novel H7N9 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) variant possessing multiple basic amino acids at the cleavage site of the hemagglutinin (HA) protein was first reported in two cases of human infection in January 2017. More seriously, those novel H7N9 HPAIV variants have been transmitted and caused outbreaks on poultry farms in eight provinces in China. Herein, we demonstrate the presence of three different amino acid motifs at the cleavage sites of these HPAIV variants which were isolated from chickens and humans and likely evolved from the preexisting LPAIVs. Animal experiments showed that these novel H7N9 HPAIV variants are both highly pathogenic in chickens and lethal to mice. Notably, human-origin viruses were more pathogenic in mice than avian viruses, and the mutations in the PB2 gene associated with adaptation to mammals (E627K, A588V, and D701N) were identified by next-generation sequencing (NGS) and Sanger sequencing of the isolates from infected mice. No polymorphisms in the key amino acid substitutions of PB2 and HA in isolates from i...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 27, 2018·Science China. Life Sciences·Xiaoman Wei, Jie Cui
Mar 29, 2019·Viruses·Shin-Hee Kim, Siba K Samal
Jul 10, 2019·The Journal of Infectious Diseases·Weixin JiaMing Liao
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Jan 8, 2021·Frontiers in Veterinary Science·Wenxiao GongMeilin Jin
Jan 23, 2020·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine·Dong-Hun LeeDavid E Swayne
Feb 20, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Xiaotong HuMeilin Jin
Jul 10, 2021·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·Dongchang HeXiufan Liu
Mar 25, 2020·Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine·Chengjun Li, Hualan Chen
Apr 17, 2021·Frontiers of Medicine·William J LiuYingxia Liu
Nov 25, 2021·Transboundary and Emerging Diseases·Junhong ChenWeixin Jia

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