Emergence of coherence and the dynamics of quantum phase transitions

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Simon BraunUlrich Schneider

Abstract

The dynamics of quantum phase transitions pose one of the most challenging problems in modern many-body physics. Here, we study a prototypical example in a clean and well-controlled ultracold atom setup by observing the emergence of coherence when crossing the Mott insulator to superfluid quantum phase transition. In the 1D Bose-Hubbard model, we find perfect agreement between experimental observations and numerical simulations for the resulting coherence length. We, thereby, perform a largely certified analog quantum simulation of this strongly correlated system reaching beyond the regime of free quasiparticles. Experimentally, we additionally explore the emergence of coherence in higher dimensions, where no classical simulations are available, as well as for negative temperatures. For intermediate quench velocities, we observe a power-law behavior of the coherence length, reminiscent of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism. However, we find nonuniversal exponents that cannot be captured by this mechanism or any other known model.

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Citations

Dec 27, 2015·Physical Review Letters·E NicklasM K Oberthaler
Sep 28, 2017·Physical Review. E·Markus KarlThomas Gasenzer
Nov 10, 2015·Physical Review Letters·L VidmarU Schneider
Jun 18, 2016·Physical Review Letters·Pietro SilviSimone Montangero
Jan 14, 2017·Physical Review Letters·G Labeyrie, R Kaiser
Apr 30, 2016·Physical Review Letters·M AnquezM S Chapman
Feb 6, 2017·Physical Review Letters·Andrea Pelissetto, Ettore Vicari
Jan 5, 2019·Physical Review Letters·Nicolò DefenuGiovanna Morigi
May 21, 2019·Physical Review Letters·Christian-Marcel SchmiedThomas Gasenzer
Nov 21, 2015·Physical Review Letters·F SetiawanJay D Sau
Jun 18, 2017·Physical Review. E·P BuonsanteA Smerzi
Jun 13, 2020·Physical Review Letters·Kazuya FujimotoYuki Kawaguchi
Jan 15, 2016·Physical Review. E, Statistical, Nonlinear, and Soft Matter Physics·Haralambos Panagopoulos, Ettore Vicari
Jun 18, 2017·Physical Review Letters·Brandon M AndersonK Levin
Mar 4, 2017·Physical Review Letters·Ricardo PueblaMartin B Plenio
Nov 8, 2019·Physical Review Letters·Marek M RamsWojciech H Zurek
Dec 7, 2019·Physical Review Letters·H WilmingJ Eisert
Jun 6, 2017·Nature Communications·Bodhaditya SantraHerwig Ott
Jan 20, 2018·Physical Review. E·Wassilij KopylovTobias Brandes
Dec 5, 2017·Nature Materials·Davide CaputoDaniele Sanvitto
Jan 9, 2021·Physical Review Letters·J HaferkampJ Bermejo-Vega
May 8, 2021·Physical Review Letters·Daniel Malz, Adam Smith
Jun 26, 2021·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·Weilun Yuan, Fan Zhong
Aug 31, 2021·Physical Review Letters·Tomotaka Kuwahara, Keiji Saito

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