PMID: 9449283Feb 4, 1998Paper

Emergence of Mycobacterium avium populations resistant to macrolides during experimental chemotherapy

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
L E BermudezL S Young

Abstract

Macrolide resistance is an emerging problem in AIDS patients who receive these agents for treatment or prophylaxis against Mycobacterium avium (MAC) infection. We compared the emergence of resistant MAC strains during therapy with clarithromycin (clarithromycin resistance was defined as MIC > or = 32 microg/ml) and azithromycin (azithromycin resistance was defined as MIC > or = 128 microg/ml) in C57BL/6 beige mice. Treatment with clarithromycin and azithromycin resulted in a decrease of 98.5% in the number of viable bacteria in spleens at week 8 and 99% at week 12 compared with the number of bacteria present in spleen before the initiation of therapy (P < 0.001). Splenic homogenates were also plated onto 7H11 agar plus clarithromycin at 32 microg/ml or azithromycin at 128 microg/ml. Resistance emerged significantly more often in mice treated with clarithromycin (100% of treated mice at both 8 and 12 weeks) than in those receiving azithromycin (0% at week 8 and 14% at week 12). The frequencies of resistance of the MAC population in the spleen to clarithromycin were 2.1 x 10(-3) at week 8 and 1.1 x 10(-2) at week 12, whereas resistance to azithromycin was absent at week 8 (all mice) and was approximately 3.5 x 10(-5) (mean for th...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 15, 2018·Journal of Cellular Physiology·Mohsen HeidaryDavood Darban-Sarokhalil
Jul 24, 2001·The Journal of Immunology : Official Journal of the American Association of Immunologists·R A SilvaR Appelberg
Nov 25, 2004·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·George CarterLuiz E Bermudez
Feb 14, 2007·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Luiz E BermudezLowell S Young
Jul 22, 2006·American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine·David E GriffithRichard J Wallace
Dec 3, 1999·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·S L KoletarD J Williams
Aug 3, 1999·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·L E BermudezL S Young

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