Emerging Insights into Wnt/β-catenin Signaling in Head and Neck Cancer

Journal of Dental Research
K A Alamoud, M A Kukuruzinska

Abstract

Head and neck cancer presents primarily as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), a debilitating malignancy fraught with high morbidity, poor survival rates, and limited treatment options. Mounting evidence indicates that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway plays important roles in the pathobiology of HNSCC. Wnt/β-catenin signaling affects multiple cellular processes that endow cancer cells with the ability to maintain and expand immature stem-like phenotypes, proliferate, extend survival, and acquire aggressive characteristics by adopting mesenchymal traits. A central component of canonical Wnt signaling is β-catenin, which balances its role as a structural component of E-cadherin junctions with its function as a transcriptional coactivator of numerous target genes. Recent genomic characterization of head and neck cancer revealed that while β-catenin is not frequently mutated in HNSCC, its activity is unchecked by more common mutations in genes encoding upstream regulators of β-catenin, NOTCH1, FAT1, and AJUBA. Wnt/β-catenin signaling affects a wide range epigenetic and transcriptional activities, mediated by the interaction of β-catenin with different transcription factors and transcriptional coactivators and corepres...Continue Reading

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
nuclear translocation
ubiquitination
GTPase
single-cell sequencing
glycosylation

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT02649530
NCT02521844
NCT02092363
NCT02050178
NCT01957007
NCT02005315
NCT01973309
NCT02482441
NCT02655952
NCT01606579

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