Emerging misunderstood presentations of cardiovascular disease in young women

Clinical Cardiology
Renee P Bullock-PalmerMartha Gulati

Abstract

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of death for females in the United States accounting for over 412 000 female deaths in 2016. CVD mortality in young women <55 years old remains significantly high and greater than that in men. There is a void with regards to awareness of CVD in women. Many traditional CVD risk estimate tools fail to identify the "at risk" female and is true for the young female patient. There needs to be a shift in focus from looking for the vulnerable plaque to looking for the "at risk" patient. This review outlines the emerging misunderstood presentations of CVD in young women which include certain categories of myocardial infarction (MI) with non-obstructive coronary arteries (MINOCA), such as spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD), as well as the more stable myocardial ischemia with non-obstructive coronary arteries (INOCA) category focusing on mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI). The prevalence of MINOCA in patients presenting with MI is greater in women. In younger women with CVD, SCAD is an emerging misunderstood presentation in this group of patients with type 2 SCAD being the most common form. MSIMI, a form of INOCA, is more common in women with CVD. There are ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 14, 2020·Current Cardiology Reports·Allison BigehMartha Gulati
Mar 27, 2019·MMW Fortschritte der Medizin·UNKNOWN Springer Medizin
Sep 19, 2020·Cardiology in Review·Alexander Polyak, William Frishman

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
dissection
biopsy
hormone replacement therapy

Software Mentioned

INOCA
MINOCA

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